Top 100 Linux Commands
cd — Change directory
ls — List directory contents
pwd — Print working directory
cat — Concatenate and display files
touch — Create an empty file
cp — Copy files and directories
mv — Move or rename files and directories
rm — Remove files and directories
mkdir — Create a new directory
rmdir — Remove an empty directory
cut — Cut out sections of a file
gzip — Compress or decompress files using gzip
gunzip — Decompress files compressed with gzip
find — Find files and directories matching a pattern
grep — Search for a pattern in a file
awk — Pattern scanning and processing language
sed — Stream editor for filtering and transforming text
head — Display the first few lines of a file
tail — Display the last few lines of a file
sort — Sort lines of a file
uniq — Remove duplicate lines from a file
wc — Count lines, words, and characters in a file
diff — Compare two files line by line
patch — Apply a patch to a file
chmod — Change permissions of files and directories
chown — Change the owner of a file or directory
chgrp — Change the group ownership of a file or directory
ps — List running processes
top — Display system resource usage and process information
kill — Send a signal to a process to terminate it
du — Display disk usage of files and directories
df — Display free disk space on the file system
mount — Mount a file system
umount — Unmount a file system
ping — Test connectivity to a network host
ssh — Secure shell remote login and command execution
scp — Secure copy files between hosts
rsync — Remote file and directory synchronization
curl — Transfer data from or to a server using various protocols
wget — Retrieve files from the web using various protocols
ftp — File Transfer Protocol client
sftp — Secure File Transfer Protocol client
telnet — Telnet client
nslookup — DNS lookup utility
dig — DNS lookup utility
netstat — Display network connections and statistics
ifconfig — Configure network interfaces
route — Display or modify the routing table
iptables — Firewall and packet filtering utility
hostname — Display or set the hostname of the system
date — Display or set the system date and time
timedatectl — Control the system date and time
uname — Display system information
whoami — Display the current user ID
id — Display user and group information
su — Switch user to become another user
sudo — Execute a command with superuser privileges
passwd — Change the password of a user account
useradd — Create a new user account
userdel — Delete a user account
usermod — Modify a user account
groupadd — Create a new group
groupdel — Delete a group
groupmod — Modify a group
finger — Display information about users on the system
last — Display information about recent logins
history — Display command history
echo — Print a message to the terminal
printf — Format and print data
lshw — Displays hardware information
lspci — Displays information about PCI buses and devices.
lsusb — Displays information about USB buses and devices.
hwinfo — Displays detailed hardware information.
free — Displays memory usage.
vmstat — Displays system memory, processor, and I/O statistics.
iostat — Displays CPU and disk I/O statistics.
uptime — Displays system uptime and load averages.
journalctl — Displays the system journal.
dmesg — Displays the kernel ring buffer.
crontab — Schedules recurring tasks.
at — Schedules a one-time task.
service — Manages system services.
systemctl — Controls system services in systemd-based distributions.
traceroute — Traces the network path to a remote host.
bzip2 — Compresses files using the bzip2 algorithm.
unzip — Extracts files from a ZIP archive.
tee — Redirect output to multiple files
chroot — Change the root directory for a process
ps aux — Display information about all running processes
less — Display file contents in a paginated format
more — Display file contents one page at a time
ln — Create links between files
realpath — Print the resolved absolute path of a file
watch — Execute a command periodically and display the output
cal — Display a calendar
tar -xzvf — Extract files from a compressed archive
tar -czvf — Create a compressed archive
whereis — Locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command
locate — Find files by name
which — Display the full path to an executable